Anti-Infectives: Antiviral Drugs
Understanding Pharmacology Essentials for Medication Safety
Nursing
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Questions
How are viral infections different from bacterial infections?
Explanation:
What is the purpose of antiviral drug therapy?
Explanation:
What is the most important precaution the nurse must teach a patient who is prescribed any antiviral drug?
Explanation:
A patient is prescribed intravenous (IV) acyclovir (Zovirax). Which question is most important for the nurse to ask before giving the first dose of this drug?
What is the most important precaution for the nurse to teach a patient who is prescribed oral valacyclovir (Valtrex)?
A patient who has been prescribed amantadine (Symmetrel) has all of the following health problems. For which problem does the nurse contact the prescriber before giving the first dose?
A 2-year-old patient with respiratory syncytial virus is prescribed aerosolized ribavirin (Virazole). Which visitor does the nurse ensure is not in the patients room during the aerosol treatments?
A patient who is taking interferon is also prescribed ribavirin (Virazole). Which laboratory blood test result for this patient does the nurse report immediately to the prescriber?
Which precaution about zanamivir (Relenza) therapy does the nurse teach a patient who also uses a bronchodilator for asthma control?
How are retroviruses different from common viruses?
Which statement about human immune deficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is true?
A patient prescribed highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is flying to a wedding and will be gone 1 day. The patient asks about skipping prescribed drug doses that day in order to avoid having to show them all at the airport. What is the nurses best response?
A patient is prescribed to begin highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). What is the most important question the nurse asks this patient before beginning therapy?
A patient taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for a year has the following blood laboratory test values. Which value does the nurse report to the prescriber immediately?
A patient has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease and is taking a cocktail consisting of protease inhibitors, nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and nonnucleoside analogue reverse-transcriptase inhibitors. Which statement made by the patient indicates that more teaching about the drug therapy is needed?
Which test results indicate to the nurse that a patients antiretroviral therapy is effective?
A human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patient taking highly active antiretroviral therapy informs the nurse she is now pregnant. What advice regarding drug therapy does the nurse give this patient?
A child is prescribed emtricitabine (Emtriva) 120 mg orally. The drug on hand is emtricitabine suspension 10 mg/mL. How many mL does the nurse prepare?
A patient who is taking zidovudine (Retrovir) reports diarrhea. Which dietary change does the nurse suggest for this patient?
A patient who has been taking lamivudine (Epivir) for 6 months reports reduced sensation in the fingers and toes. What is the nurses best action?
Which health problem must the nurse be specifically alert for in pregnant women who are prescribed any nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)?
A patient who has been taking efavirenz (Sustiva) reports a sore throat, fever, and blisters. What is the nurses best action?
Which food, drink, or herbal supplement does the nurse warn a patient who is prescribed nevirapine (Viramune) to avoid?
How do protease inhibitor (PI) drugs prevent viral replication?
A patient who has been taking indinavir (Crixivan) for a year has just been told that the organism is now resistant to this drug. The patient expresses worry to the nurse that this means the disease will now progress to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and death will soon follow. What is the nurses best response?
A pediatric patient is prescribed nelfinavir (Viracept) 450 mg orally. The available drug is 50 mg/scoop. How many level scoops does the nurse measure into the patients pudding to administer the correct dose?
Which precaution is most important for the nurse to teach an older patient who is prescribed atazanavir (Reyataz)?
Which precaution is most important for the nurse to teach a patient who is prescribed enfuvirtide (Fuzeon)?
A 40-year-old patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) asks the nurse why the new drug maraviroc (Selzentry) is not being prescribed for her. What is the nurses best response?
Which precaution is most important for the nurse to teach older adults who are prescribed maraviroc (Selzentry)?
A patient prescribed raltegravir (Isentress) reports all of the following problems or changes since starting this drug. Which problem or change does the nurse report to the prescriber?
[Multiple Response] Which patient outcomes are major goals of antiretroviral therapy? (Select all that apply.)
a. Prevention of opportunistic infections
b. Conversion to an HIV-negative antibody status
c. Reduction of the number of viral particles in the patients blood
d. Increase in CD4+ cells
e. Decrease in CD8+ cells
f. Prevention of disease spread
